NAD+ References and Sources

About these sources

Every quantitative claim in this NAD+ digest — each dose, percentage, duration and pharmacokinetic figure — maps to a numbered source below. The list draws on randomized human trials, mechanistic studies and recent reviews, weighted toward peer-reviewed primary literature and current syntheses such as the 2023 and 2025 reviews of NAD+ precursor supplementation. Where a study used a brand name in its own title (for example a trial of a named NR ingredient), the citation reproduces that title verbatim as a matter of accurate referencing; it is not an endorsement of any product. You can read more about this research digest, and the frequently asked questions about NAD+ answer common queries directly.